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Stock Market Trend and Cycle Change: Transition from Bear to Bull Markets   Executive Summary The stock market operates in cycles characterized by alternating phases of expansion (bull markets) and contraction (bear markets). The transition from a bear market to a bull market marks a pivotal shift in investor sentiment, economic conditions, and market dynamics. This report explores the mechanics of this phase change, the factors driving the shift, and the implications for investors, emphasizing the notion that "what goes down must go up, but the upside is unlimited." 1. Understanding Market Cycles Stock market cycles are recurring patterns of rising and falling prices driven by economic, psychological, and technical factors. These cycles typically include four phases: Accumulation : Prices stabilize after a decline, and savvy investors begin buying undervalued assets. Markup (Bull Market) : Prices rise steadily, fueled by optimism, improving fundamentals, and broader particip...